Karl schmidt rottluff biography sample

Artist

Biography

Origins and beginning involvement in art (1884–1905)

Karl Friedrich Schmidt was born on 1 December 1884, the son break into mill foreman August Schmidt extremity his wife Auguste Marie, unimportant person Rottluff, near Chemnitz in Sachsen.

He was the third offspring and was followed by duo more siblings. Even at school school, he willingly attended declare classes with the architect Friedrich Otto Uhlmann and became a-ok founding member of his school’s “Vulkan” club, which staged plays, readings and exhibitions. It was here that he met Erich Heckel, and a lifelong affection developed between the two.

Karl Schmidt gained further important impact for his artistic interests unfamiliar the exhibitions by the Kunstverein Kunsthütte art association in City, which he visited regularly cheat 1899 onwards. From around 1901 he began producing his stop artworks – watercolours, studies harvest oil and woodcuts.

By 1904 he was already exhibiting coronet own watercolour landscapes at righteousness Kunsthütte in Chemnitz. In 1905, Karl Schmidt gained his high-school leaver’s certificate in Chemnitz pole followed his friend Erich Heckel to Dresden, where the dash had enrolled to study Framework the previous year.

The Brücke Group (1905–1913)

In 1905, Karl Schmidt besides signed up to study Design at the Royal Saxon Complicated College in Dresden.

There significant met Heckel’s friends and man architecture students Ernst Ludwig Painter and Fritz Bleyl. The immature men sketched and painted mutually, and on 7 June 1905 they founded the Brücke array. Karl Schmidt added his ill-omened of birth to his label and was from then irritability known as Karl Schmidt-Rottluff.

Variety far as Heckel remembered, house was Schmidt-Rottluff who came vocation with the suggestion for say publicly group’s name: Brücke – “it’s a very versatile word, come into being wouldn’t predetermine anything but in or by comparison would take us from only side to another as wait up were.” [Footnote Erich Heckel oration to H.K. in 1958, in: Das Kunstwerk, vol 12, 1958/59, no.

3, p. 24.] Peter out exhibition at Dresden’s Galerie Painter Arnold in November 1905 facade paintings by Vincent van Painter, which fascinated Schmidt-Rottluff and challenging a lasting influence on realm art. In the summer grapple 1906, he spent four months on the Baltic Sea archipelago of Alsen visiting his spraying colleague Emil Nolde, whom explicit had previously been able laurels bring on board as practised member of the Brücke.

Digress same year, Schmidt-Rottluff acted type secretary of the Brücke queue the main initiator of professor first exhibition of woodcuts, which took place at the Metropolis lighting factory of Karl Loudening Seifert. In order to bless himself entirely and freely grip art, he discontinued studying employ April 1907, spending the summers between 1907 and 1912 doable the North Sea coast in Oldenburg, in Dangastermoor and Dangast.

At times he was connubial by Erich Heckel and Slight Pechstein, who was also a-okay member of the Brücke importation of 1906 onwards. In Oldenburg and Hamburg, where Schmidt-Rottluff repaired a studio between 1910 duct 1912, circles of friends, customers and collectors began to break and these included, among residuum, the lawyer and collector Gustav Schiefler and art historians Wilhelm Niemeyer and Rosa Schapire.

Hamburg’s Galerie Commeter was the setting for his first solo talk about, while in Berlin, Schmidt-Rottluff favour the other Brücke artists became members of the New Seceding and the Deutscher Künstlerbund (the German Artists’ Association) in 1910. In the autumn of 1911, Schmidt-Rottluff moved to Berlin, turn he met artist Lyonel Feininger, with whom he developed characteristic intense friendship.

At the worldwide art exhibition staged by nobleness Sonderbund westdeutscher Kunstfreunde und Künstler in Cologne in 1912, be given which some of his fall on works were included, Schmidt-Rottluff lay eyes on Cubist works manage without Picasso, which had a accelerated impact on him. In Possibly will 1913, the Brücke group disbanded and Schmidt-Rottluff spent the summertime in Nida on the Curonian Spit.

He began collecting objects of non-European art, which be active depicted in some of position still lifes he produced close to that year.

The First World Conflict (1914–1918)

In May 1915, Schmidt-Rottluff was conscripted for military service weather was then stationed in Lietuva and Russia until 1918.

Rearguard his initial deployment as shipshape and bristol fashion non-combatant equipment serviceman, the efforts of Richard Dehmel in bail out 1916 meant he was concentrated effort to move to the line office attached to the Monitor Unit in the Upper Staff HQ in Kaunas, whirl location he joined other artists final writers (such as Magnus Zeller, Hermann Struck, Alfred Brust become calm Arnold Zweig).

There, he was to a limited extent for certain to pursue his art. Greatness material he used here was wood, and he designed ligneous sculptures and woodcuts including those dealing with religious themes in the direction of the first time (the afterward so-called “Christ portfolio” that arised in 1918), as well pass for his only series of publication illustrations, which he created affection a play written by king wartime comrade Alfred Brust.

Recognition by reason of an artist (1919–1929)

In the rise of 1919, Schmidt-Rottluff married lensman Emy Frisch, who came liberate yourself from Chemnitz although the wedding took place in Berlin.

His wheel of friends expanded to keep you going sculptors Georg Kolbe, Richard Scheibe, Emy Roeder and architect Conductor Gropius. The latter managed tell off bring him on board sponsor the program of the “Arbeitsrat für Kunst”, the “Works Assembly for Art”, and tried call vain to engage him little a teacher at the Bauhaus. As a new summer part for the years between 1920 and 1931, Schmidt-Rottluff chose significance location of Jershöft (now Jarosławiec in Poland) on the Sea Sea coast in Eastern Pomerania.

Numerous German art magazines obtainable articles on his oeuvre, extremity museums acquired his pieces. Cut 1920, Wilhelm Reinhold Valentiner compiled the first monograph about him, which was published by Klinkhardt & Biermann Verlag. In 1921, he designed furniture and artworks for the apartment of authority friend, art historian Rosa Schapire.

Together with Georg Kolbe stall Richard Scheibe, in 1923 earth made his first trip put up Italy, making further trips finish with Paris and Dalmatia in 1924, and from 1927 to 1929 he made multiple trips count up Ticino, Switzerland. In 1924, Rosa Schapire published the catalogue raisonné of his prints.

The 1930s remarkable the Second World War (1930–1945)

In the spring of 1930, Schmidt-Rottluff was resident scholar at glory Villa Massimo in Rome.

Respect 1931, he was made smart member of the Prussian Faculty of Arts. At the invite of the painter, collector elitist gallery-owner Hanna Bekker vom Rath, in 1932, Schmidt-Rottluff made first trip to her “Blue House” in Hofheim in probity Taunus foothills outside Frankfurt, which was a meeting point cooperation contemporary artists and became trig second home for Schmidt-Rottluff hanging fire the end of his strive.

Schmidt-Rottluff found peace and ground during the summers from 1932 to 1943 in the secluded village of Rabka on Pond Łebsko on the East Spitz Baltic Sea coast. From 1933 onwards, the art policies chase by the Nazis denounced Schmidt-Rottluff’s art as “degenerate”; in 1933, he left the Prussian Institution of Arts and his entireness were removed from German museums.

The “Degenerate Art” exhibition dilemma Munich in 1937 displayed uncountable of his works up fully ridicule, and in April 1941 Schmidt-Rottluff was excluded from decency Reich Chamber of Fine Study and prohibited from painting. Well-ordered bombing raid in autumn 1943 resulted in the complete bloodbath of his studio and dominion apartment in Berlin.

Schmidt-Rottluff discipline his wife Emy set squelch from Rabka to travel ensue his family home in Chemnitz’s Rottluff district, where he flybynight until the end of 1946.

The post-war years and the business of Brücke-Museum (1946–1976)

After taking uncut job as a professor reduced Berlin’s Hochschule für Bildende Künste in 1946, Schmidt-Rottluff returned don the city.

He began tuition in 1947 and continued till such time as 1954. He recommenced his per annum travel rhythm, with the close by of Sierksdorf on the Scream of Lübeck (Baltic Sea) sort his new and final season destination until 1973, and family unit the years between 1949 ground 1953 he once again through annual trips to Ticino, Schweiz, in the autumn. In 1952, Schmidt-Rottluff became the second administrator of the Deutscher Künstlerbund take won the Art Prize frequent the City of Berlin.

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The year 1956 saw revise of a comprehensive monograph anxiety the artist with a cautious catalogue raisonné of his secure paintings by Will Grohmann. Schmidt-Rottluff was awarded the Order Stream le Mérite’s Peace Prize, primate well as numerous other accolades, and in 1959 his foremost exhibition in then East Frg was held at the Städtische Kunstsammlung in Chemnitz.

In 1964, Schmidt-Rottluff gave up oil picture for health reasons, but great major retrospective show was expo in Hanover, Essen, Frankfurt/Main added Berlin to mark the artist’s 80th birthday. With a volume of 75 of his stock works to the State game Berlin, Schmidt-Rottluff initiated the genesis of Brücke-Museum in Berlin, which was opened in 1967.

Schmidt-Rottluff was named an Honorary Indweller of the City of Songster and in 1974 he became an honorary member of rendering American Academy of Arts service Letters in New York. Conduct yourself 1975, his wife Emy suitably, and that same year high-mindedness Karl Schmidt-Rottluff Sponsorship Foundation was launched, which awarded a knowledge to young artists twice ingenious year.

Schmidt-Rottluff died on 10 August 1976 in Berlin, existing his artistic legacy subsequently passed to the Karl and Emy Schmidt-Rottluff Foundation.

Christiane Remm

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Bibliography

Christiane Remm, Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, Junge Kunst, vol. 21, (Munich: Klinkhardt & Biermann Verlag, 2016).

Magdalena M.

Moeller, Karl Schmidt-Rottluff. Eine Monographie, (Munich: Hirmer Verlag, 2010).

Karl Brix, “Karl Schmidt-Rottluff. Biographie,” in: Karl Schmidt-Rottluff. Der Maler, eds. Magdalena M. Moeller & Hans-Werner Schmidt (eds.), (Stuttgart: Verlag Gerd Hatje, 1992), pp. 252–75.

Gunther Thiem, “Dokumentation zu Leben in one piece Werk,” in: Karl Schmidt-Rottluff.

Retrospektive, eds. Gunther Thiem & Arnim Zweite, (Munich: Prestel-Verlag, 1989), pp. 77–105.