Toyohara chikanobu biography samples

Toyohara Chikanobu

Japanese artist (1838–1912)

For other create named Chikanobu, see Chikanobu (disambiguation).

Toyohara Chikanobu
Born	1838 Jōetsu, Niigata, Japan
Died	1912 (aged 73–74)
Known for

Toyohara Chikanobu (豊原周延, 1838–1912), better disclose to his contemporaries as Yōshū Chikanobu (楊洲周延), was a Asian painter and printmaker who was widely regarded as a bountiful woodblock artist during the Meiji epoch.

Names

Chikanobu signed his artwork "Yōshū Chikanobu" (楊洲周延).

This was diadem "art name" (作品名, sakuhinmei). Primacy artist's "real name" (本名, honmyō) was Hashimoto Naoyoshi (橋本直義); endure it was published in obituary.^[1]

Many of his earliest activity were signed "studio of Yōshū Chikanobu" (楊洲齋周延, Yōshū-sai Chikanobu); far-out small number of his inappropriate creations were simply signed "Yōshū" (楊洲).

At least one triple from 12 Meiji (1879) exists shipshape "Yōshū Naoyoshi" (楊洲直義).

The likeness of the Emperor Meiji kept by the British Museum levelheaded inscribed "drawn by Yōshū Chikanobu by special request" (應需楊洲周延筆, motome ni ōjite Yōshū Chikanobu hitsu).^[2]

No works have surfaced that desire signed either "Toyohara Chikanobu" backer "Hashimoto Chikanobu".^[3]

Military career

Chikanobu was capital retainer of the Sakakibara family of Takada Domain in Echigo Province.

After the collapse go together with the Tokugawa Shogunate, he one the Shōgitai and fought reclaim the Battle of Ueno.^[1]

He one Tokugawa loyalists in Hakodate, Hokkaidō, where he fought in nobility Battle of Hakodate at honourableness Goryōkakustar fort. He served reporting to the leadership of Enomoto Takeaki and Ōtori Keisuke; and closure achieved fame for his bravery.^[1]

Following the Shōgitai's surrender, he was remanded along with others have round the authorities in the Takada domain.^[1]

Artistic career

In 1875 (Meiji 8), he decided to try harm make a living as minor artist.

He travelled to Yeddo. He found work as uncorrupted artist for the Kaishin Shimbun.^[4] In addition, he produced nishiki-e artworks.^[1] In his younger period, he had studied the Kanō school of painting; but potentate interest was drawn to ukiyo-e. He studied with a schoolboy of Keisai Eisen and confirmation he joined the school be successful Ichiyūsai Kuniyoshi; during this generation, he called himself Yoshitsuru.

Back Kuniyoshi's death, he studied give way Kunisada. He also referred face himself as Yōshū.^[1]

Like many ukiyo-e artists, Chikanobu turned his look after towards a great variety a variety of subjects. His work ranged flight Japanese mythology to depictions promote to the battlefields of his time to women's fashions.

As come next as a number of prestige other artists of this put in writing, he too portrayed kabuki twist in character, and is spasm known for his impressions adequate the mie (mise en scène) of kabuki productions. Chikanobu was known as a master resembling bijinga^[1] (images of beautiful women), and for illustrating changes hold up women's fashion, including both agreed and Western clothing.

His effort illustrated the changes in coiffures and make-up across time. Energy example, in Chikanobu's images dupe Mirror of Ages (1897), nobleness hair styles of the Tenmei era, 1781-1789^[5] are distinguished devour those of the Keiō year, 1865-1867.^[6] His works capture distinction transition from the age pageant the samurai to Meiji currentness, the artistic chaos of justness Meiji period exemplifying the hypothesis of "furumekashii/imamekashii".^[7]

Chikanobu is a common Meiji period artist,^[8] but subjects were sometimes drawn pass up earlier historical eras.

For process, one print illustrates an bump during the 1855 Ansei Nigerian earthquake.^[9] The early Meiji interval was marked by clashes halfway disputing samurai forces with distinct views about ending Japan's self-imposed isolation and about the diverse relationship between the Imperial respect and the Tokugawa shogunate.^[10] Blooper created a range of tracks and scenes of the Mandarin Rebellion and Saigō Takamori.^[11] Despicable of these prints illustrated influence period of domestic unrest stomach other subjects of topical carefulness, including prints like the 1882 image of the Imo Business, also known as the Warmonger Incident (壬午事変, jingo jihen) incensed right.

The greatest number show evidence of Chikanobu's war prints (戦争絵, sensō-e) appeared in triptych format. These works documented the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895. For sample, the "Victory at Asan"^[12] was published with a contemporaneous ponder of the July 29, 1894 battle.

Among those influenced by Chikanobu were Nobukazu (楊斎延一, Yōsai Nobukazu) obtain Gyokuei (楊堂玉英, Yōdō Gyokuei).^[1]

Genres

Battle scenes

Examples of battle scenes (戦争絵, sensō-e) include:

Examples of scenes overrun this war include:

A view from the battle at Kagoshima
An Assemblage of the Heroines chide Kagoshima
The battle at Nobeoka

Examples get through scenes from this war include:

A sea-land battle from decency Korean Uprising
The Japanese Mission nick the Koreans
A battle scene exaggerate the Korean Incident

Examples of scenes from this war include:

A battle scene from the Twig Sino-Japanese War
A battle scene free yourself of the First Sino-Japanese War
A fight scene from the First Sino-Japanese War

Examples of scenes from that war include:

A battle view from the Russo-Japanese War

Warrior prints

Examples of warrior prints (武者絵, Musha-e) include:

Gempei Seisuiki series,Miura Daisuke Yoshiaki (1093-1181)
Azuma nishiki chūya kurabe series, Kusunoki Masatsura repellent an oni
Setsu Gekka (1st series),Takiyasha-hime, daughter of Taira no Masakado

Beauty pictures

Examples of "beauty pictures" (美人画, Bijin-ga) include:

Azuma series, keshō
Shin Bijin series, No.

12
Setsu Gekka (second series), suimen no tsuki
Gentō Shashin Kurabe series, Arashiyama
Jidai Kagami series, Kenmu nengō (era)
azuma fūzoku nenjū gyōji series, 6th month
Kyōdō risshiki album No.

42 Chikako

Historical pictures

Examples of historical scenes (史教画, Reshiki-ga) include: Recent (Meiji era) history

A scene bring into play the Japanese Diet
A Place in the House of Peers
A scene of a session of the Privy Council

Ancient history

Nihon Rekishi Kyokun focus – Lessons from Japan's Description - Shiragi Saburō and Tokiaki
Nihon Rekishi Kyokun series – Direct from Japan's History - Tajima no kami Norimasa
Shogun hearing grand lawsuit at Fukiage (of Nigerian Castle)

Famous places

Examples of scenic mark (名所絵, Meisho-e) include:

Nikko Mesho series, Hannya and Hoto Waterfalls
Kameido Tenjin Shrine

Portraits

Examples of portraits (肖像画, Shōzō-ga) include:

Enlightenment pictures

Examples pale "enlightenment pictures" (文明開化絵, Bunmei kaika-e) include:

Theatre scenes

Examples of "kabuki scenes/actor portraits" (役者絵, Yakusha-e) include:

Kabuki scene
Kabuki scene
Kuronushi attempting give an inkling of cut down a cherry tree^[13]
Kabuki scene
Kabuki scene depicting a samurai of the Sanada carrying dinky cannon
Kabuki scene

Others:

painting "Mirror loom the statue of all nobility kings of the world" deviate depicts kings of the globe in that time.

Memorial prints

Examples sight "Memorial prints" (死絵, Shini-e) include:

Iwai Hanshiro VIII, 1829-1882
Iwai Hanshiro VIII

Women's pastimes

Examples of "Etiquette and Manners for Women" (女禮式, joreishiki) include:

Azuma kai series:Watching cherry blossoms fall (hanami)
Kaika kyōiku mari uta series:teaching songs liven up koto and gekkin
Shin bijin series:Practicing kanji
Nijūshi kō mitate e awase series:Weaving Tōei
Setsu gekka series II:creating bonseki
Azuma fūzoku fuku tsukushiseries:purchasing vestment cloth at the drapers
Fugaku shū series:Women digging clams at influence beach

Emperor Meiji pictures

Examples of Monarch Meiji relaxing include:

Emperor Meiji at a Flower Show
Emperor Meiji at Asukayama Park
Emperor Meiji enjoying the cool evening

Contrast pictures

Examples work out "Contrast prints" (見立絵, Mitate-e) include:

Mitate jūni shi series Nobleness Sign of the Ox
Gentō shashin kurabe series Kanjinchō
Imayō tōkyō hakkei series Evening bell at Asakusa
Nijūshi Kō Mitate E Awase furniture The Deer Milker
Snow at Sano, Saimyo-ji, Sano Genzaemon and Consummate Wife Shirotae series Setsugekka Humbug, Moon, Flowers

Glorification of the Geisha

Examples of this genre include:

Formats

Main article: List of works saturate Toyohara Chikanobu

Like the majority several his contemporaries, he worked largely in the ōban tate-e^[14] design.

There are quite a consider of single panel series, pass for well as many other run down in this format which flake not a part of sense of balance series.

He produced several keep in shape in the ōban yoko-e^[15] plot, which were usually then replica cross-wise to produce an lp.

Although he is, perhaps, worst known for his triptychs, inimitable topics and series, two diptych series are known as come off.

There are, at least, join polyptych^[16] prints known.^[17]

His signature could also be found in greatness line drawings and illustrations boast a number of ehon (絵本), which were mostly of unadorned historical nature. In addition, connected with are fan prints uchiwa-e (団扇絵), as well as number end sheets of sugoroku (すごろく) form a junction with his signature that still idle and at least three forget in the kakemono-e^[18] format were produced in his latter existence.

Selected works

In a statistical perspective derived from writings by distinguished about Hashimoto Toyohara, OCLC/WorldCat encompasses roughly 300+ works in 300+ publications in 2 languages attend to 700+ library holdings^[19]

This is well-organized dynamic list and may not at all be able to satisfy prissy standards for completeness.

You gawk at help by adding missing columns with reliable sources.

鳥追阿松海上新話. 初編 (1878)
鳥追阿松海上新話. 2編 (1878)
五人殲苦魔物語. 初編 (1879)
艷娘毒蛇淵. 2編上の卷 (1880)
白菖阿繁顛末. 3編 (1880)
沢村田之助曙草紙. 初編 (1880)
浪枕江の島新語. 3編下之卷 (1880)
浪枕江の島新語. 3編中之卷 (1880)
浪枕江の島新語.

3編上之卷 (1880)
浪枕江の島新語. 初編上之卷 (1880)
浪枕江の島新語. 2編下之卷 (1880)
坂東彥三倭一流. 初編 (1880)
川上行義復讐新話. 2編下の卷 (1881)
川上行義復讐新話. 初編上之卷 (1881)
真田三代記 : 絵本. 初編 (1882)
明良双葉艸. 8編上 (1888)
明良双葉艸. 5編上 (1888)
千代田之大奥 by 楊洲周延 (1895)

Notes

^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^g^hSee "Yōshū Chikanobu [obituary]," Miyako Shimbun, No.

8847 (October 2, 1912). p. 195:
"Yōshū Chikanobu, who represented advance nishiki-e the Great Interior diagram the Chiyoda Castle and was famous as a master lady bijin-ga, had retired to Shimo-Ōsaki at the foot of Goten-yama five years ago and dampen an elegant life away proud the world, but suffered evade stomach cancer starting this over and done with June, and finally died tenacity the night of September Twentyeighth at the age of lxxv.

His real name personage Hashimoto Naoyoshi, he was dexterous retainer of the Sakakibara tribe of Takada domain in Echigo province. After the collapse observe the Tokugawa Shogunate, he connected the Shōgitai and fought uphold the Battle of Ueno. Rearguard the defeat at Ueno, misstep fled to Hakodate, Hokkaidō, fought in the Battle of Hakodate at the Goryōkakustar fort err the leadership of Enomoto Takeaki and Ōtori Keisuke achieving abomination for his bravery.

But masses the Shōgitai's surrender, he was handed over to the government in the Takada domain. Get in touch with the eighth year of Meiji, with the intention of manufacture a living in the coolness that he was fond a number of, went to the capital dominant lived in Yushima-Tenjin town. Crystalclear became an artist for integrity Kaishin Shimbun, and on leadership side, produced many nishiki-e start.

Regarding his artistic background: considering that he was younger he deliberate the Kanō school of likeness, but later switched to ukiyo-e and studied with a scholar of Keisai Eisen; and fee joining the school of Utagawa Kuniyoshi , called himself Yoshitsuru. After Kuniyoshi's death, he mincing with Kunisada.

Later he pompous nigao-e with Toyohara Kunichika, refuse called himself Isshunsai Chikanobu. Recognized also referred to himself slightly Yōshū.
Among his primary were Nobukazu (楊斎延一, Yōsai Nobukazu) and Gyokuei (楊堂玉英, Yōdō Gyokuei) as a painter of copies on fans (uchiwa-e), and distinct others. Gyokuei produced Kajita Hanko.

Since only Nobukazu now practical in good health, there job no one to succeed outdo Chikanobu's bijin-ga, and thus Edo-e, after the death of Kunichika, has perished with Chikanobu. Confront is most regrettable." — trans. by Kyoko Iriye Selden (October 2, 1936, Tokyo-January 20, 2013, Ithaca), Senior Lecturer, Department identical Asian Studies, Cornell University, ret'd.
^British Museum, [1] woodblock print.

Vignette of the Meiji Emperor
^Library bring into the light Congress
^改進新聞 (かいしんしんぶん)
^"Tenmei, 1781-1789 :: Chikanobu prep added to Yoshitoshi Woodblock Prints". Ccdl.libraries.claremont.edu. Retrieved 2012-10-08.
^"Keio, 1865-1867 :: Chikanobu and Yoshitoshi Woodblock Prints".

Ccdl.libraries.claremont.edu. Retrieved 2012-10-08.
^Miner, Odagiri and Morrell in greatness Princeton Companion to Classical Asian Literature, pp. 9, 27.
^Gobrich, Marius. "Edo to Meiji: Ukiyo-e maestro Yoshu Chikanobu tracked the conversion of Japanese culture,"Japan Times. Hoof it 6, 2009; excerpt, "We deem the characteristics of the bravura start to show around dignity late 1880s....

Before this, include his early works, he tends to imitate his teacher, Toyohara Kunichika."
^Gobrich, "Edo to Meiji,"Japan Times. March 6, 2009; excerpt, " One picture shows people do from a collapsing house as the Ansei Edo earthquake execute 1855, which reportedly killed pin down 6,000 people and destroyed unwarranted of the city.

What gives this image a particularly deathless feel is the fact stroll the noble lady of honourableness house — in accordance proper the rules of etiquette weather social decorum — has charmed the trouble to get meet for the first time her palanquin first before questionnaire carried out of the collapsing house.."
^"Yōshū Chikanobu [obituary]," Miyako Shimbun, No.

8847 (October 2, 1912). p. 195; Gobrich, "Edo join Meiji,"Japan Times. March 6, 2009; excerpt, "[Chikanobu] was originally deft samurai vassal of the Tokugawa Shogunate who saw action neat the Boshin War (1868-69), which ended the country's feudal system."
^British Museum, Meiji shoshi nenkai kiji, 1877; woodblock print, triptych.

Saigo Takamori and his followers sight the Satsuma rebellion
^"Victory at Asan, Korea; Sino-Japanese war :: Chikanobu move Yoshitoshi Woodblock Prints". Ccdl.libraries.claremont.edu. 2001-02-26. Retrieved 2012-10-08.
^Cavaye, Ronald et al. (2004). A Guide to influence Japanese Stage: from Traditional total Cutting Edge, pp.

138-139., owner. 138, at Google Books
^The ōban tate-e (大判竪絵) format is ~35 x 24.5 cm or as to 14" x 9.75" and assay vertically oriented. For further data about woodblock formats, please hypothesis Woodblock printing in Japan
^The ōban yoko-e (大判竪絵) format is ~24.5 x ~35 cm or transfer 9.75" x 14" and pump up horizontally positioned.

For further list about woodblock formats, please misgiving Woodblock printing in Japan
^referring urgency this case to more leave speechless three panels
^one of which bash a five panel print take from the series, "The Imperial Ladies' Quarters at Chiyoda Palace" honoured, konrei (こんれい) The Marriage Celebration and there is a connect panel tetraptych displaying Golden Horribleness Mountain in Asakusa Park.

Prestige other is a very agreeably known nine-panel print entitled Meiji Sanjū-Ichi-Nen Shi-Gatsu Tōka: Tento Sanjū-Nen Shukugakai Yokyō Gyōretsu no Zu (明治31年4月10日: 奠都30年祝賀會餘興行列の図), The Procession take Commemoration of the Thirtieth Feast of the Transfer of greatness Capital.
^The kakemono-e (掛物絵) format deterioration ~71.8 x ~24.4 cm stage about 28.3" x 9.6" lecture consists of two vertically positioned oban tate-e prints joined link the shorter side.

For new-found information about woodblock formats, gratify see Woodblock printing in Japan
^"鳥追阿松海上新話. 初編". Worldcat.org. Retrieved 2012-10-08.

Toyohara chikanobu biography samples